8th December

Thanks to John, pictures of AC30 Twin serial number 13171T bought new at Yardley's in Birmingham in 1964.

AC30 serial number 13171T.

7th December

Some sad news: Allan Billington, manager of the Jennings shop on the Charing Cross Road from 1950 to 1956, passed away earlier this year. Post-Jennings, Allan set up shop in Welling, advising and equipping generations of musicians (of all genres) in Kent and further afield. A brief page on Allan can be found here.

6th December

A detail below of one of two Twins with chassis from early 1964 - copper control panels, Top Boost controls integrated - but late serial number plates, and three 1970s Vox handles fixed with the same type of screws.

The amp below has a three-line serial number plate, so a number in the high 20000s or higher. The other has a number in the 19000s.

In view of the handles, it seems likely that the two passed through the same hands (some time ago by the look of things). The chassis were presumably made originally for "Expanded Frequency" AC30s - the AC30X.

More on chassis with copper "Top Boost" control panels to come.

1970s Vox handles, three-line serial number plate. Speakers are blues.

4th December

A Top Boost ("Expanded Frequency") chassis with an unusually clean copper panel. Although repros are at large in the world, the panel pictured below is likely to be original.

Chassis manufactured by Westrex; Albion tranformers; main preamp filter with the date code "UG" = July 1963 (the only component date code definitively known at present). Perhaps of more significance, some of the original valves apparently survive:

The Mullard yellow-print GZ34 has the paint code "KF" = June 1963 for its completion, and the Mullard EL84s have "KH" = August 1963. The EL84s were made in the Philips/Mullard factory in Canada - a fourth instance of such valves in AC30s of late 1963 / early 1964.

The manufacturing date of the EL84 at front in the fourth pic is "r3E2" = Ontario factory, 2nd week of May 1963. The chassis is now in a repro slope-sided Super Twin cabinet.

3rd December (2)

Just to record that all AC30 Twins with numbers in the 15000s are so far "Treble", "Bass", or "Top Boost" - not a single "Normal" (yet).

3rd December

Some updates/new entries on the page for AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 15000s: 15029T, 15417B, 15510B, 15531TB, 15555B, 15738TB, 15881T, 15965T and 15978TB. Select pictures to follow.

1st December

A provisional overview of the numbers of Univoxes made, model by model, 1950s to mid 1960s:

J5: spring 1952 to spring 1953, probably no more than 100 made, serial number sequence beginning at 600.

J6: spring 1953 to the mid 1960s, around 3600-3700 made, serial number sequence beginning at 100.

J7: spring 1953 to the mid 1960s, around 1300-1400 made, serial number sequence beginning at 100.

J10: spring 1954 to the mid 1960s, around 400-500 made, serial number sequence beginning at 100.

Thanks to Martin for his notes on surviving examples and numbers. Univox J6s were evidently made and sold by Jennings in far greater numbers than its lower-powered amplifiers - the AC1 (of late 1960); AC2/AC4; and AC6. Sales of the AC10 surpassed the J6 only by a few hundred.

Total sales of all models of Univox exceeded the AC10, AC15, and AC100 individually by some margin.

30th November (2)

Some new material added to the page on the AC10 Super Reverb Twin. More to come shortly.

30th November

A page on AC10 serial number 3146, early to mid 1960, is now available here.

29th November

Entries have been added for six more AC10s with serial numbers in the 1000-2000 range: 1277, 1281, 1329, 1354 (Super Reverb Twin), 1461 and 1623. Select pictures to follow.

28th November

A page coming soon on the Jennings Univox, 1956 to 1966, the models in view being the J6 ("Deluxe"); J7 ("Standard"); and J10 ("Concert Grand"). The J8 may have been the short-lived "Minivox" (1953). As for the J9...

The advert below is something of a puzzle. On the one hand, Roger La Verne and Clem Cattini when interviewed in 2008 made it clear beyond doubt that a Clavioline had been used on the recording of "Telstar". On the other, a number of publicity shots taken at Joe Meek's studio at some point shortly after the track's release (Joe Meek appearing in two of the six currently known) show the group with a Univox, its distinctive chrome keyboard stand plain for all to see. A simple misunderstanding / wrong assumption on the part of Jennings? Jumping on the bandwagon? Selmer so far as one can tell did not put out any adverts relating to "Telstar".

Mid November 1962.

27th November (2)

Entries have been added for six more AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 14000s: 14177TB, 14328T, 14309T, 14491T, 14517T, and 14728TB. Select pictures to follow.

27th November

An interesting AC30 that emerged recently: solid state rectified; printed circuit board construction (not of the Birch-Stolec type); T1088s dated 21st February and 10th April 1974; no serial number plate. The cabinet has three plastic vents on top (as some "Vox Sound Limited" cabs from 1972), and a single central handle only, no holes in the vinyl for side handles.

In terms of general date, the amp seems to sit between the acquisition of "Vox Sound Limited" by Dallas in the late summer of 1973 and new factory production (at Shoeburyness) in the autumn of 1974. The only date codes known at present are those of the speakers (ie. nothing of the electronics).

As things stand, the amp is either likely to be early Dallas production, or part of a run made by someone else from left-over "Vox Sound Limited" materials. Whatever the case - and it would be good to determine which - the services of a professional PCB maker were evidently sought.

A page on the AC50s knocked up by a group of fly-by-night boys in South-East London following the collapse of JMI can be found here.

AC30 from 1974 (?). There is no choke. The mains transformer is a Lemark.

26th November

On the page for AC30 Twins with serial numbers in 6000s, three updated entries: 6006N, 6019B, and 6649N.

25th November

Thanks to Phil, pictures of Jennings AC40 serial number 1197, Celestion T1096s dated November 1971, have been added to this page (on the Vox AC100 website).

AC40 serial number 1197 (at right) with solid state JV40 serial number 1188.

23rd November

Really just to accompany yesterday's entry, a screen-shot from the relevant episode of "Thunderbirds", 1966 - well-enough known, plenty of clips on Youtube.

Also to add the miniature AC100 cab seen with "The Beakles" is still extant, somewhere in England....

Marionette Shads with miniature AC30s.

22nd November

Published in "Music Maker" magazine, April 1967, "The Beakles", miniature drum kit, AC30s, AC100, and guitars made by Mick Bennett of JMI. Mick was responsible for prototyping many of JMI's guitars, cabinets, and cases through to 1968.

20th November

The front of AC10 serial number 3146. Its plate is illustrated below (entry for 16th November). Thanks to Andy.

AC10 serial number 3146.

17th November (3)

The preliminary sections on AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 11000s have now been rearranged and updated - particularly in relation to "Treble" models. A nonsensical sentence relating to speakers has also been put right.

17th November (2)

Although the pictures are small, the chassis of AC30 Twin serial number 11137T is likely to be a "Westrex Treble" too. The entry for the amp has been updated.

17th November

A new page on an AC30 Twin with an early "Westrex Treble" chassis has now been set up here. Thanks to Steve for pictures and info.

"Westrex Treble" stamped in purply-blue under the input jacks.

16th November

Thanks to Andy, coming shortly some pics of TV Front AC10 serial number 3146, square format case, "Amplifier No. 2" circuit - see this page for an overview of the model.

AC10 serial number 3146.

15th November (2)

A sub-note to yesterday's entry. Mullard was by no means the first manufacturer to use yellow print. Below, a Brimar from mid 1954. Whether Brimar used yellow to denote stock to be supplied to manufacturers (rather than the public) is not known at present. The Brimars used/fitted by JMI in the 1960s had white print.

A Brimar 6BW6 from a Jennings Univox J10 (early 1955).

Brimar date code of the valve above: "4F5" = fifth week of June 1954.

15th November

A further ten entries have been added to the page on AC30s with original valves: serial numbers 5300s, 6948, 12000s, 13099, 14491, 15029, 15050, 17169, 17505 and 17663.

14th November

Three new entries have been added to the page on AC30s with original valves: for serial numbers 9078 (mentioned below, 25th October); 11066; and 13098. More to come.

Yellow-print Mullards: various things have been ventured over the years, the principal suppositions being (a) that they were of higher quality; (b) that they were in fact "seconds" ("B-grade"); or (c) that they were intended mainly for equipment manufacturers (of radios, televisions, amplifiers, and so on) rather than the general public. Supposition (c) is almost certainly correct, though it is clear that some yellow-print valves were boxed up for sale in shops. Some of the main themes, batted back and forth, can be found on this thread.

As for JMI, yellow-print Mullards appear to have been used from around AC30 serial number 6000 (early 1963) through into later 1965 (early fixed bias AC100s). The general consensus seems to be that Mullard first used yellow print in 1963.

The valves fitted to pre-1963 AC30s will in almost all cases have been white print Mullards.

13th November

It is clear from at least three surviving AC30s from early 1964 - serial numbers 10317 (a Twin, Burndept chassis); 2791 (a Super Twin, Westrex chassis); and a Twin (Westrex chassis) with a number originally in the low 11000s - that Canadian-made Mullard EL84s were sometimes fitted at factory.

Presumably these were imported, either by Mullard or some intermediate supplier used by JMI, to make up for a short-fall in production at the main factory in Blackburn.

The EL84s in the Super Twin are the latest of the three: - paint codes "KK" = November 1963 (after which the valves will have been inventoried, boxed, and made ready for dispatch).

The page on AC30s with original valves has been updated, but will need updating further to take account of other amps.

Paint code "KG" = July 1963. The manufacturing code (not visible in this pic) is "r3D1" = 1st week of April '63. The small "r" indicates the Ontario factory.

EL84 with manufacturing code "r3G1" = Ontario factory, 1st week of July 1963.

12th November

A brief note on "Westrex Treble" chassis (more to follow soon). In 1964 the majority of Westrex-made chassis went into Super Twins, those produced by Burndept mainly reserved for Twins.

As far as serial numbers are concerned, the earliest "Westrex Treble" chassis currently known are the ones in AC30 Super Twin serial numbers 11076 and 11077, both classed as "Normal" on their plates. AC30 Super Twin serial number 2525N (new series) may align with these. The TCC capacitors in 11076N and 11077N have later 1963 date codes.

Below, the arrangement of the Treble network (capacitors and resistors) at the volume controls in serial number 11077.

Detail of AC30 Super Twin serial number 11077 (Westrex).

A detail of the same arrangement from different angles in two Burndept-made Treble chassis:

Chassis number 3018 (Burndept). Thanks to Glen for the picture.

Chassis number 3082 (Burndept).

11th November

Enlarging the picture of the preamp of serial number 10067 beyond its natural size reveals that there are indeed markings to indicate Treble voicing (contrary to what was ventured yesterday): - a dash of red paint on the lower tagboard. This is likely to have been made to assist the build process at Burndept, not for those at JMI.

Serial number 10067; chassis number 3417.

And it is possible too that the chassis of 10067 also has a flash of red at right. This is certainly so in the case of chassis numbers 3086 and 3443 - a flash of red only, no "TREBLE", nor any sign of anything having rubbed away.

Chassis number 3086.

10th November

Picking up from the entries (late October, below) on Burndept-made Treble chassis - serial number 10067, classed as a "Normal" on its plate, is evidently a "Treble" too. No markings seem to be present in its preamp, however.

More to come shortly on early Westrex-made "Trebles".

AC30 Twin serial number 10067N (Treble).

9th November

Entries for six AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 12000s have been added to this page - 12395N, 12423T, 12542B, 12613TB, 12726T and 12746T. Some of these amps are not without anomalies. Pictures to follow.

5th November

Thanks to Chris, the entry for AC30 Twin serial number 20648TB, last quarter of 1965, has now been updated.

4th November

March 1956, a note in the high-brow music press setting out the merits of the new range of Jennings organs - the "V-series". Octaves were indeed generated independently. Model C organs, for instance, had seven separate assemblies for the 12 notes of the relevant octaves, as the one below.

Further below, a detail from the patent document, approved in 1959. Organ serial number plates generally give the application number.

March 1956.

Detail of a Model C organ - generator for the twelve notes of a given octave.

Detail of the switch structure for the keyboard action.

3rd November

A Celestion blue with "14AF" tippexed on its frame. If this code were stamped on the gasket, 14th January, 1961, would be in view. Unfortunately without a shot of the gasket, the tippex cannot be relied upon. It may simply be a colossal red herring. The picture below seems to indicate that the cone code has, inconveniently, rubbed or blotted away.

2nd November

Five new entries have been added to the page on AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 22000s: numbers 22035, 22050, 22455, 22563, and 22750.

30th October

Although firm information on the Jennings "Minivox" is extremely hard to come by, it seems likely that the unit was shown at the "British Industries Fair", Olympia section, in late April / early May 1953. Five models (un-named) are signalled in the advert. These will have been the J51 Entertainment Organ; the Univox J5, J6, and J7; and the Minivox.

Detail from the BIF catalogue, 1953.

29th October

January 1953, the "Minivox", a short-lived off-shoot of the "Univox". On the latter in 1953, see this page.

In 1955, the idea behind the "Minivox" was taken up again in the form of the Jennings J48 portable organ.

January 1953.

28th October

A detail of the speaker compartment of the TV Front Twin mentioned yesterday. The remains of something similar can be seen in a Twin that turned up some years ago in the UK (and now in the USA much "changed").

Whether such terminal blocks are original, fitted perhaps only to certain (early) batches of cabs, is unknown at present.

Speakers not original. Picture taken before "restoration".

25th October

Below, a detail of the Haddon mains transformer - dated 22nd July 1963 - in AC30 Twin serial number 9078B. The transformer is by no means the latest dated component in the amp though - two of the original Mullard yellow-print ECC83s survive with September 1963 paint codes.

Detail of AC30 Twin serial number 9078B.

Also to note, a Westrex-made AC30 has recently turned up on ebay with a choke stamped - in the same way - 16th July 1963. Transformers look to be Haddons too.

24th October

The page on Vox in Australia has been rearranged slightly to give a better view of the material from a chronological standpoint. Some items from 1966 and 1967 to come.

23rd October

The pages on the Treble circuit and AC30 Twins with serial numbers in the 10000s have now been updated. More to follow on the changes introduced in early 1964 - the Expanded Frequency AC30; AC30 Lightweight; new serial number sequence for Super Twins; and the first amps with Treble chassis - in due course.

22nd October

A fourth AC30 Twin with "Normal" on its plate but a Treble chassis, component date codes consonant with final assembly in early 1964: - serial number 10705.

AC30 Twin serial number 10705N, chassis number 03450, Hunts cap. dated 41st week 1963, cabinet modified in various ways. Note the non-standard screws for the plate.

AC30 Twin serial number 10440N, chassis number 02901, pots with November 1963 date codes, the serial number plate still with its original screws (as in the case of serial numbers 10586 and 10600 - see the entries below). Thanks to Chris for the pictures.

As for the larger picture, it seems highly likely in light of serial numbers 10440, 10586, 10600, and 10705, that the AC30 Treble circuit was developed - for production - in parallel with the Expanded Frequency AC30 (Top Boost controls integrated on the chassis) in late 1963 / early 1964. Perhaps there has always been a sense that this was indeed the case. That no early diagram for the Treble amps has come to light is just another of those things that has no ready explanation. OS/056 as we have it was drawn up in September 1964, one suspects primarily for the main Thomas Organ Service Center in Evanston. Why no copy for repairmen in the UK? The same question arises in relation to the integrated Top Boost circuit. The earliest sheet known at present is from 1969.

21st October

In relation to yesterday's entry, another Treble chassis in a cabinet with a plate giving the voicing as "Normal" - serial number 10440. Component date codes are, again, perfectly in line with the point of production in view (early 1964).

If early Treble chassis were indeed sent out as Normals, one question arising is whether this caused any confusion - for a band, for instance, that bought two "Normals" that sounded completely different.

The other question is why not simply stamp the plates "T", as in the case of serial number 10920T, the earliest known at present. One possibility is that the nature of these amps was not signalled to the Dispatch Department (which was responsible for plates and numbers) clearly enough at first by the testers. The Burndept stamp on the chassis and flash of red paint will not have been evident of course once the the back boards had been screwed back on.

20th October

The lowest serial number that has come to light so far for an AC30 Twin with Treble voicing, expressly designated, is 10920T. More on that to come.

Simply to note here that Treble chassis also crop up in serial numbers 10586 and 10600 (the latter mentioned below). What to make of the fact that the two plates in view give the voicing as "Normal" however? If the chassis were "swapped in" in the 1970s or 1980s, say, to replace dud originals then an incredible coincidence not only that both are Trebles, but that they also have component date codes perfectly in line with the point in production at issue - early 1964. Oversights in the stamping of the plates at factory seems more likely than not (put it that way).

The page on the Treble circuit has been updated provisionally and is likely to need updating again.

19th October

Thanks to Robert, two new entries have been added to the list of AC30 Twins with speakers of known date - serial numbers 10600N and 15911B, the former with speakers dated 16th December 1963, the latter 22nd September 1964. Where 10600 is concerned, cabinet, serial number plate, and speakers all belong together. A slight question mark surrounds the chassis though as its voicing is Treble rather than Normal. Possibly a mistake from factory? More to come shortly.

18th October

Just to note, the correct starting point for AC1/15 serial numbers - 3500 (NOT 3000) - has now been registered on this page.

16th October

A couple of new entries on the page for AC30 Twins with numbers in the 22000s: 22130TB and 22208TB. The entry for serial number 22480 has been corrected.

15th October

June 1964, one of the first full page ads for Vox - "now for the first time in Australia" - in the Australian music press: "... due to particularly heavy demand only 10 and 15 watt models available at present.". Thanks to Martin for the image.

June 1964.

14th October

The cover of "Music Maker" magazine, July 1965 - "The Steeds" with a short Tom Echo unit and two AC30 Twins from the first half of 1963 or earlier. Both have leather handles. The amps were presumably imported prior to the distribution deal struck by JMI with Nicholson's in Spring 1964. The company became sole distributor of Vox equipment in Australia through to 1968.

July 1965.

13th October

A correction/update in relation to the entry below for 11th October. A still higher chassis number in the main sequence is known - 14889 (AC30 Twin serial number 22789).

12th October (2)

The latest "old-style" T1088s that have come to light so far - date code on the gasket - are a quad from an American Super Beatle speaker cabinet with "16LM" = 16th November 1967. The next earliest after that are from Spring 1969 - "new-style", with heavily-stamped numbers longitudinally on the frame and new format date codes.

Is there any such thing as a T1088 from 1968? For much of the year Celestion was occupied with moving premises from Thames Ditton to Ipswich.

12th October

Some notes on Celestion T1088 and T1096 speakers in late 1967 and early 1968 with reference to JMI.

The Celestion T1096 was the higher impedance (15 ohm) brother of the T1088, used by JMI in its T60 Bass cabinets and later by "Vox Sound Equipment Limited" in certain Vox Supreme speaker cabinets. Below, a couple of examples - the first from September 1967, the second from September 1968.

Above, a T1096, poly grey finish, reconed, but the original gasket retained - date code "11JM" = 11th September 1967.

T1096, sand-coloured frame, poly-grey bell, one of three with September 1968 date codes from the same Vox Supreme cabinet as the speaker above.

A detail from one of the three T1096s, date code and model number stamped on their frames: "12JA" = 12th September, 1968. Early date codes of this type have generally not lasted well, often fading completely.

The speakers above straddle two main changes: - new colour of frame; and new position for the date code.

As far as Celestion T1088s are concerned, all JMI AC30s seem to have had poly grey, the latest date codes currently known being from November 1967 (still stamped on the gasket). It may be, however, that examples from December 1967 and early 1968 will also come to light.

A couple of things to bear in mind: batches of speakers bought in from Celestion are likely to have lasted longer in 1967 than in earlier years (sales had naturally slowed); and from mid December all purchases, large and small, required the approval of the official receiver. JMI had been placed in his hands when Royston Industries, which had a controlling interest in the company, went to the wall in early December '67. Speakers of course were vital for business and the receiver - R.N.D. Langdon - is unlikely to have been minded to block their purchase outright. But orders may have been strictly regulated.

From early 1967 through to 1968, pairs of T1088s were also used in most (though not all) Vox Conqueror cabinets and in a small number of late AC100 speaker cabs. Relatively few date codes from these are known at present.

11th October

The highest chassis number encountered so far [not so, see above, entry for 13th Oct.] - 14442. Although the amp's serial number plate is missing, component date codes indicate that the chassis is likely to have been assembled at some point in early 1967, a serial number in the 22000s.

Remember that chassis were not fetched from store (for wiring up on the work benches) in any particular order. The page on Burndept chassis numbers has been updated.

10th October (2)

As a sort of companion piece to the entry below, an advert placed by Nicholson's for Vox in "Music Maker" magazine, May 1965. Three notable absences: the AC50 Super Twin (for guitar); AC100; and Continental organ. It may be that they were either out of stock or perhaps not felt to be appropriate for this advert.

May 1965.

10th October

May 1965, "The Impacs" from Lismore, New South Wales, with a Vox Foundation Bass; two AC30 Twins; an Expanded Frequency AC30; and a Continental (with something over its keys). All are likely to have been imported by Nicholson's in Sydney.

Expanded Frequency AC30s did not sell particularly well (and it is rare to find bands pictured with them), so if one turns up in Australia ...

May 1965.

9th October

The page on AC15s, 1964-1968, has been updated. Thanks to Don for pictures of serial number 5518, single speaker, early summer 1964 - shortly before the introduction of Celestion silvers.

5th October

March 1957, from a collection of promotional pieces (recently come to light) placed by Tom in the music press in the 1950s. Although the line "Sufficient volume for congregations up to 1000" had already been used in descriptions of the Model A, it is here for the first time as a "strap line".

The price of the Model G, which had been brought to market in late 1956, is stated as being: "£1500 plus, according to specification". The "specification" in view was - principally - the extent of the accompanying array of speakers. The "basic" schema drawn up by Derek Underdown can be seen in the entry for 23rd August further down on this page.

March 1957.

4th October

Two Vox Dominos sold by Russell Acott in Oxford - a Domino Bass, and new-style Domino Reverb (piggy-back, rather than combo). The pages on the Domino range can be found here.

Vox Domino Bass serial number 2652, shop tag number 29526.

Vox Domino Reverb serial number 3329, shop tag number 30130.

In company with certain AC10 Super Reverb Twins from late 1964 and early 1965 (the slope-sided or "trap" head amps), the Domino Reverb has a DIN socket for its footswitch. The XLR socket is an Italian-made Geloso, used by JMI periodically on amplifier sections, speaker cabs, and guitars from 1962. Gelosos were standard on Meazzi Echomatics.

3rd October (2)

Thanks to Kev, shots of one of the Celestion blues in AC30 Twin serial number 12010T, "03CJ" on its gasket = 3rd March, 1964. The amp has been added to the list of AC30s with speakers of known date.

The initial Pulsonic code - 51/102/003 - was also deleted on a blue (now removed from its amp) dated 2nd March, 1964. The error appears to have been ironed out by the 4th.

3rd October

AC4 serial number 2479, output transformer stamped "5200" and still with its "Richard Allan" label. JMI, or rather Triumph, used these transformers from later 1962 through to 1965. One also finds a version stamped "5000".

Allan was probably better known as a manufacturer of speakers but evidently made or sub-contracted the production of other items. Its hi-fi amplifiers were based on designs by Sugden.

AC4 serial number 2479 - registered on this page.

2nd October

The page on later Vox AC4s (from late 1963 on) has been updated further. Exports to Thomas Organ (following the "Million Dollar Deal" announced in late August 1964) were evidently underway by serial number 3921, and JMI fitted the amps destined for the States with a grey Radiospares 0.05uf/800v capacitor from the mains supply to ground (to suppress noise/arcing at switch on). These are sometimes called "snubber" caps.

Centre, grey Radiospares 0.05uf mains "snubber" capacitor removed from AC4 serial number 3921.

The cap in situ in AC4 serial number 4150. Thanks to John for the picture.

Other models were also fitted with these caps, notably the AC50 and AC100, and going by the circuit diagram drawn up by Thomas Organ, the AC10 (V-1-3) too, though no example has come to light so far.

Detail from the Thomas Organ circuit diagram for the AC10 (V-1-3).

That the principal (known) sheets for the AC4, AC50, and AC100 in the Thomas Organ Vox Amplifier Service Manuals do not record the presence of the capacitor is just one of those things - details that slipped from mind.

Detail from the Thomas Organ circuit diagram for the AC4 (V-1-1).

1st October

A provisional overview of the point at which machine-stamped serial number plates were introduced in 1964 and early 1965, model by model. The only member of the Domino range known at present to have such plates is the Domino Bass. Public Address amplifiers had numbers in the same sequence as the guitar and bass amps. The overview leaves out for the time being Vox Echo units.

The stamping machine had five digits, all necessary where the AC30 Twin was concerned. For models that still had numbers in the 100s, two prefatory zeros were set - for example, AC100 serial number 00306 (which hand stamping would have given simply as "306"). For numbers in the thousands, a single zero was set (as MC15 serial number 05590).

AC4: in the 3600s, mid 1964.

Domino Bass: by the 5000s, late 1964.

AC10 single: none.

AC10 Twin (and SRT): from around number 3000, late 1964 / early 1965.

AC15: by number 5590, mid 1964.

AC30 Twin: from serial number 13000, mid 1964.

AC30 Super Twin (and SRT) : in the 3400s, late 1964.

AC50: from around number 1760, though the model designation is still hand-stamped, late 1964.

T60 Bass: from around number 900, late 1964.

AC100: from serial number 300, early 1965.

Continental organ: by number 1800, late 1964.

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